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K is a 76-year-old professor, whom you can call a researcher or even a scientist. Who spent his life behind the development of a technology. He has worked for this technology since his college days till now. Also, the technology is not the same, the technology that changed the world. That was considered a revolution. This professor also earned the title of godfather of that technology. The world was surprised when this professor questioned and opposed the very technology he had developed. Warned about the dire consequences of this technology in the future. What is even more surprising is that now this same professor has received the world's most prestigious Nobel Prize for the technology he developed. The name of this professor is Jeffrey E. Hinton is. The name of the technology is Artificial Neural Network. The news is that the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to Jeffrey E., known as the godfather of artificial intelligence. Hinton and American scientist John J. Hopefield has found. Both have won the Nobel for advancing machine learning based on artificial neural networks. Of which we have Jeffrey E. Speaking of Hinton. Jeffrey E. Who is Hinton? Born in London, Geoffrey Hinton was educated at the University of Cambridge and the University of Edinburgh. In 1978, he did his Ph. on Artificial Intelligence. d. finished He had a great fascination with the workings of the human brain. He started trying to figure out how a machine or even a computer could do such work and from there the idea of this artificial neural network came. So the idea was not new, it had been around since the 1950s but Geoffrey Hinton started concrete work in that direction. Around the same time, he arrived in America from England, where he gained a good reputation in the field of AI. In the year 1987, he left America and shifted to Canada. Joined 'University of Toronto' in Canada. This was a time when most artificial intelligence programs were funded by the US Department of Defense. It is said that the US Department of Defense wanted to create a robot soldier for war. Geoffrey Hinton was against it. So he faced many problems including funds. So he left America. In Canada he got more freedom to work and research. Here he focused on neural networks and machine learning based on them. What is Neural Network? A neural network is a copy of the workings of the human brain. Our brain is a network, made up of living cells and neurons. These networks send signals to each other that allow our brains to function, process information. A human-made copy of just such a network is a neural network. In which the nodes are connected to each other. Each of these nodes processes the information and then forwards it. The network also 'learns' itself from this process. That is why neural networks are at the core of machine learning. We can call this network the brain of the machine. To understand with an example, if you train a neural network to recognize a cat. So you have to show him hundreds of photos. This photo will be of two types 'cat' and 'not cat.' After some time the network will automatically recognize the photo of the cat. In short, with the help of neural networks, machines or computers can make decisions on their own, exactly the way our brains do. In simple terms, it is to fill the machine's brain with photos, videos, text etc. and then command it to do the work as needed. Godfather of AI All generative AI we use today including ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Meta AI. Due to which the entire world of technology has changed. Which has opened the doors of immense possibilities. At the base of all of them lies the research of Geoffrey Hinton. This is the reason why he is called the Godfather of Artificial Intelligence. The foundations of the artificial intelligence revolution we hear today were laid by Jeffrey Hinton, his colleagues and his students. Machine learning works behind every generative AI and the basis of machine learning is neural network. AlexNet – The turning point of the world of AI In the year 2012, Jeffrey Hinton and two of his students Ilya Sutskever and Alex Krishevsky designed a neural network called 'AlexNet'. Which was able to recognize many things like cat, dog, human, bird etc. This incident proved to be a turning point in the world of artificial intelligence. From here the ground was prepared for platforms like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Meta AI. Another highlight is that Ilya Sutskever, a student of the professor who contributed to the creation of AlexNet, joined a company called OpenAI in 2018 as Chief Scientist. The same company that launched ChatGPT on November 30, 2022 and brought generative AI into people's hands. Come back to the year 2013, when Google bought Jeffrey Hinton's company for Rs 300 crore. Then Jeffrey Hinton started working for Google. His work in AI and deep learning at Google has shaped technologies like Google Translate, speech recognition and search algorithms. Google also jumped into the generative AI race first with Bard and then Gemini. The year 2023 came when Google left to oppose AI, when Eric Horvitz, Microsoft's chief scientist and a major contributor to the development of OpenAI, wrote a letter along with 19 other experts. In which he talked about the wrong and reckless use of AI and the dangers posed by it. Geoffrey Hinton did not say anything at that time but after a month he left 'Google'. Giving the reason for leaving 'Google', he said that he wanted to speak publicly and openly about the dangers of AI, which was not possible while being associated with 'Google'. It happened but the same. After leaving 'Google', he started speaking openly about the misuse and dangers of artificial intelligence. So much so that he compared AI to a nuclear bomb. Opposed the development of AI without any thought of control and security. He said that AI is inferior to the human brain in many ways, but it is capable of eclipsing human intelligence. People will soon become so dependent on AI that their intelligence is bound to rust. Apart from this, he spoke on many aspects of right and wrong, fake information, danger on the job etc. Also, expressing concern about the rapid development of AI, he said that what has not happened in the past several decades has happened in just five years.}
What did he say after receiving the Nobel? When a person receives a prestigious honor like a Nobel, he or she usually expresses happiness or thanks. However, Geoffrey Hinton, in his reaction after receiving the Nobel Prize, said, 'We need to worry about the potential dangers of AI. I'm worried about the long-term consequences, which people now think is science fiction. The impact of AI will be as massive as the industrial revolution. The biggest threat is that one day AI will become smarter than us. Then we humans will become irrelevant. We will have nothing in our hands. No one knows how to avoid this now. Finally Dr. Jeffrey E. Hinton's own sentence, 'I console myself with the normal excuse: If I hadn't done it, somebody else would have.' That is, if I had not done it, someone else would have done it.
Image Credit: (Divya-Bhaskar): Images/graphics belong to (Divya-Bhaskar).
