Today's article 'For Men Only!': Men's Sperm Quality Continually Decreasing, Will 'Y' Chromosome Deficiency Stop Having Males?

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Know what is today? Today is 'International Men's Day'. International Men's Day. November 19 is observed every year since 1992 to address issues of injustice, abuse, homelessness, suicide and violence and overall men's mental health. But unfortunately, far from talking about it, no one even notices this day. Amid all this, there was a report a few days ago that the male birth rate may decrease. The Y chromosomes within the sperm responsible for producing males are decreasing. So will the birth of men stop as the decades go by? Another fact to add to this question is that the quality of men's sperm has also been steadily declining over the past few years! So what is the reason behind this? What is the reason behind decrease in sperm quality? How can quality be improved? Apart from this, those people who have good sperm quality can also donate. Like the movie 'Vicky Donor', sperm donor get paid? Who can? To answer all these questions, 'Frontpage Insights' asked Ahmedabad's well-known IVF and fertility expert Dr. Spoke to Himanshu Bavishi, who himself has been running a sperm bank for years.

Donate karana sabko hai, everyone can do a little? Practicing as a fertility and IVF expert for over 37 years, Dr. Chirag Bavishi has been running a sperm bank since 2007, i.e. for 16 years. Dr. Talking about his sperm bank, Chirag says, 'By now I have received about eight thousand sperm donations. An average of 40 donations are received every month. Many people come for donation but only 30% of the people who come are selected for donation. Even in that, those who get accepted are barely 10%.'

Do you want to donate sperm? If someone wants to donate sperm, how can they do it? Running a sperm bank, Dr. Bavishi says, 'When people who want to donate sperm contact any sperm bank like us, first we check the entire background of the donor. After that, let's check her fitness, height, body, skin color, education, job, lifestyle. If everything is fine, then a health related checkup is done, all the habits from the addiction of the donor are seen. If all these are correct then the person is considered suitable to donate sperm. Now his medical checkup, blood test and later sperm quality test. If his sperm quality is considered to be perfect, he can become a perfect donor. But don't take donation from him now and then.'

People also find matching in donations Donations not taken? So he did so much 'hard work' for that donation! Dr. Bavishi says with a smile, 'It just proved right. Now his full report and profile should be prepared. Now the role of the donation-taking couple. When a couple comes to us for sperm collection, we show them the profile of the donor. Most of the time the couple chooses a donor with a matching profile. That means with a husband who matches the donor's body structure, education and interest and everything more. Now those people who select the donor, we call that donor and then their sperm donation is taken.'

Jiska sperm badiya, uska bhi bada naam hai Dr. Bavishi continues to say, 'Another option is that we think that the sperm of those good donors is more important, such quality will not be easily found again. So let us store their sperm and keep it with us. Because, what if a donor is not available when someone makes a demand for that person's sperm? Therefore, we save and freeze the sperm of the person whose sperm quality we think is good, without waiting for the demand. So it will work in the future.'

You can also go for sperm donation How can a person come to donate sperm? Dr. Bavishi says, 'Any man between the ages of 21 and 55 can come for sperm donation. When any man contacts a sperm bank, first the bank calls him to meet him. After donating the sperm, the donor will not have any rights over the sperm or the resulting child and everything should be explained why the sperm donation is to be done. After all their reports and checkups are done, the man who comes out of it properly can donate.'

Only selective spermatozoa can be placed in the uterus After the donation, how does the sperm reach someone in need? Dr. Giving information about this, Bavishi says, 'When a donor agrees to take a sperm, then that donor should be called. When it is available, sperm is given. After processing the sperm, only the good sperm cells are taken and placed in the uterus. If the couple wants to get the process done here in the sperm bank, it can be done here and if the couple wants to go to their gynecologist, they can take the sperm there too.'

Get money for sperm donation? How much money does the donor get for sperm donation and what is the charge for those who need it? Dr. Explaining about it, Bavishi says, 'Those who donate get money are just movie stories, rumours. Never get money. Donors don't get any kind of payment, except their traveling charges and leave from job are reimbursed. But after donating, its testing, its storage charges, preservation of its records are all expenses. All that charge should be taken from the person taking the sperm. So, from taking sperm to the gynecologist's charge, everything is charged 10 to 15 thousand.

Men will become extinct in the future! Human evolution and more than one genetic study related to it has revealed that the 'Y' chromosome in human chromosomes is gradually shrinking, its size is also getting smaller. In a study published in 2006, Australian genetic expert Jennifer Marshall Graves pointedly said that the male sex-determining 'Y' chromosome is shrinking and if this trend continues, men will become extinct in the future. Of course, he took the time that the future means 46 lakh years! A 2014 study by the University of Copenhagen in Denmark found that men have lost 90% of their Y chromosomes compared to their ancestors.

Even experts working with fertility and IVF now say that the quality of men's sperm has decreased significantly.

Lyo Bolo, sperm can also be filtered during fertilization How many couples a month will come to accept sperm? Dr. Explaining this, Bavishi says, 'As awareness and technology in this direction increases, the need for sperm donation decreases. Because now, even if there is very poor quality sperm, that man can become a father with his own sperm. Apart from this, if there is any genetic disease, which is feared to be transmitted to the child, it can also be removed. For that, instead of taking sperm donation earlier, now we can check every such genetic disease before conceiving and if there is any disease, it can be prevented. This means that if a father has atrichosis (absence of hair on the head or body), any embryos produced during the pregnancy, if any of the embryos with sperm with atrichosis remain, should be discarded. All these treatments are not so expensive that people cannot afford them, often there is simply a lack of awareness.'

The sperm quality is continuously decreasing What is a healthy sperm? Dr. Explaining this, Bavishi says, 'Sperm that can produce a child is healthy. But there are few criteria to check the quality of sperm for taking it. For that, the motility of the sperm, its shape and whether there is any defect or infection inside the sperm should be checked. It is called healthy if everything is equal. If we talk about the difference in sperm quality, in the last few years sperm quality is decreasing day by day. There is a difference in the motility of the sperm.' As the motility of the sperm decreases, its ability to travel through the reproductive tract in the female body and penetrate the wall of the testicles and ultimately lead to conception is also reduced.

If the body increases, the sexual performance will decrease So is taking it making any difference in male fertility? Dr. Bavishi says wryly, '100% is making a difference, and the main reason for that is people's declining interest in sex. There are many reasons for that. The main one is stress. Apart from that, there is fatigue. Both partners are working, so if brother is in mood, Ben is tired, if Ben is in mood, brother is tired. People are also getting many options of entertainment, so people do not go to sex even for happiness. People waste free time in OTT-social media etc and cannot give time to partner. Apart from this, obesity also plays a big role. Along with many diseases, the chances of hormonal imbalance also increase a lot. Also, their sexual performance is also very weak.

'Sunday ho ya mande, have sex everyday!' What is the main difference between today's sperm and 10 years ago? Dr. Bavishi says, 'There is not so much difference in such a short time that it can destroy the human race. But the difference is 100%, so it is a matter of concern. People know the reasons for pollution etc., but it cannot be avoided. So you can change your lifestyle for sure. Improve food habit, regularize sleep cycle, keep sexual life regular, have regular sex. Due to the decrease in the regularity of sex, there is also a difference in the quality.'

What does stress have to do with sperm? How can pollution, stress, excess weight, irregular lifestyle, devices like laptops, sedentary lifestyle, irregular sleep, fast food affect sperm? Dr. Explaining this, Bavishi says, 'For this, the specific term 'sperm DNA fragmentation' is used. Sperm has two main parts. Head means the head, which contains the DNA, genetic material, and the other is the tail, which gives the sperm motility, helps it exit the male body, helps fertilization. Now, all the things that we have talked about make a difference in our DNA, due to the increase in age, DNA damage is bound to happen, and due to all these reasons, the process of damage is accelerated and because of the difference in the DNA, there is a difference in the head of the sperm.'

What happens if sperm quality is bad? Does sperm quality make a difference in pregnancy or can the baby also be malformed? Dr. Bavishi says, 'There must be an impact everywhere. But normally nature's quality maintenance is very good. So often, if there is any defect in the child, miscarriage happens. Rarely such children can be born. Children with serious illnesses cannot be born. If there are such sperms, they cannot be fertilized or they are not born.'

Will men stop being born now? Recently there were also reports that the proportion of Y chromosomes in sperm is decreasing. Sperm contains two chromosomes, X and Y. If the X chromosomes are carried to a woman's embryo, a girl will be born, and if the Y chromosomes are carried, a boy will be born. Whether a son or a daughter is born, it is entirely the man's responsibility, not the woman's. And now according to this report the Y chromosomes in men are also decreasing! Is this true? Dr. Bavishi says, 'It is not decreasing, it is getting smaller. Naturally Y is already smaller than X, even now it is shrinking in size. So we cannot say that the birth of boys will stop, but the size is definitely decreasing, which is worrying. Even in mice, there is a recent report that the Y chromosomes have been completely destroyed, yet males are born in them. It is impossible but it happens. If something happens in animals, it happens in humans centuries later. So there is no need for people to worry suddenly.'